In problem analysis, what does the term “root cause” refer to?

In problem analysis, the term "root cause" refers to the primary underlying factor that leads to a problem's occurrence. Identifying the root cause is crucial, as it enables organizations to address the fundamental issue rather than merely treating the symptoms. By focusing on the root cause, teams can implement solutions that effectively eliminate the problem and prevent it from recurring in the future.

Immediate effects of a problem, the symptoms of the issue at hand, or proposed solutions do not capture the essence of root cause analysis. Instead, these aspects are outcomes or responses to the problem rather than the underlying reason it exists. Understanding and addressing the root cause is essential for meaningful resolution and long-term improvement.